Učni načrt predmeta

Predmet:

Slikanje z magnetno resonanco

Course:

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Študijski program in stopnja / Study programme and level	Študijska smer / Study field	Letnik / Academic year	Semester / Semester
Nanoznanosti in nanotehnologije, 3. stopnja	/	1	1
Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies, 3rd cycle	/	1	1

Vrsta predmeta / Course type

Izbirni

Univerzitetna koda predmeta / University course code:

NANO3-888

Predavanja Lectures	Seminar Seminar	Vaje Tutorial	Klinične vaje work	Druge oblike študija	Samost. delo Individ. work	ECTS
15	15			15	10	5

*Navedena porazdelitev ur velja, če je vpisanih vsaj 15 študentov. Drugače se obseg izvedbe kontaktnih ur sorazmerno zmanjša in prenese v samostojno delo. / This distribution of hours is valid if at least 15 students are enrolled. Otherwise the contact hours are linearly reduced and transfered to individual work.

Nosilec predmeta / Course leader:

prof. dr. Igor Serša

Sodelavci / Lecturers:

Jeziki / Languages:

Predavanja / Lectures:

slovenščina, angleščina / Slovenian, English

Vaje / Tutorial:

Pogoji za vključitev v delo oz. za opravljanje študijskih obveznosti:

Prerequisits:

Vsebina:

Content (Syllabus outline):

Osnove magnetne resonance: jedra v močnem magnetnem polju, jedrska precesija, signal proste precesije, jedrska relaksacija, spinski odmev, jedrske interakcije, spekter signala jeder.

Slikanje z magnetno resonanco v eni dimenziji: gradient magnetnega polja, signal magnetne resonance v gradientu magnetnega polja, princip frekvenčnega kodiranja signala, slika magnetne resonance v eni dimenziji.

Razširitev v več dimenzij: rekonstrukcija slike in serije projekcij, fazno občutljiva detekcija signala, princip faznega kodiranja signala, uvedba k-prostora, rekonstrukcija slike na osnovi večdimenzionalne Fouriereve transformacije.

Zaporedje za slikanje s spinskim odmevom:
vzbuditev signala v rezini, vpliv parametrov
zaporedja na kontrast slike, relaksacijski časi
bioloških tkiv, gostotna, T1 in T2 obtežena
slika, slikanje v več rezinah ali z več odmevi.

Zaporedje za slikanje z gradientnim odmevom:
ravnovesno stanje longitudinalne magnetizacije, Ernstov kot, zaporedja FLASH, FISP in balanced-SSFP.
 
Inverzija s povratkom: izločanje signala tkiv glede na njihov čas relaksacije T1, zaporedji STIR in FLAIR.

Kontrastna sredstva: vpliv kontrastnih sredstev na skrajšanje relaksacijskih časov, uporaba za odkrivanje tumorjev.

Magnetno resonančna angiografija: TOF angiografija, fazno kontrastna angiografija, angiografija s kontrastnimi sredstvi.

Napredne metode slikanja: hitro slikanje z zaporedji RARE in EPI, difuzijsko slikanje, slikanje difuzijskega tenzorja, funkcijsko slikanje, kontrast na osnovi prenosa magnetizacije, vzporedno slikanje, hiperpolarizacija.

Magnetno resonančna spektroskopija: metode lokalizacije signala, spektri različnih patologij.

Basics of magnetic resonance: nuclei in a strong magnetic field, nuclear precession, free precession signal, nuclear relaxation, spin echo, nuclear interactions, spectrum of a nuclear signal.

Magnetic resonance imaging in one dimension: magnetic field gradient, magnetic resonance signal in magnetic field gradient, principle of signal frequency encoding, magnetic resonance image in one dimension.

Expansion in two and more dimensions: image reconstruction from a series of projections, phase-sensitive signal detection, principle of signal phase encoding, introduction of k-space, image reconstruction based on multi-dimensional Fourier transform.

Spin-echo imaging sequence: signal excitation in a slice, impact of imaging parameters on an image contrast, relaxation times of biological tissues, proton density-, T1- and T2- weighted image, imaging in several slices or with many spin echoes.

Gradient-echo imaging sequence: steady state longitudinal magnetization, Ernst angle, FLASH, FISP and balanced-SSFP sequences.

Inversion recovery: tissue signal elimination based on its T1 relaxation time, STIR and FLAIR sequences.

Contrast agents: effect of contrast agents on relaxation time shortening, application for tumor detection.

Magnetic resonance angiography: 
TOF angiography, phase contrast angiography, angiography with contrast agents.

Advanced imaging methods: RARE and EPI fast imaging sequences, diffusion imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, functional imaging, magnetization transfer-based contrast,
parallel imaging, hyperpolarization.

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy: methods for signal localization, spectra of different pathologies.

Temeljna literatura in viri / Readings:

Izbrana poglavja iz naslednjih knjig: / Selected chapters from the following books:
- SERŠA, Igor. Magnetnoresonančne preiskave. V: JEVTIČ, Vladimir (ur.), et al. Diagnostična in
intervencijska radiologija, Splošni del. 1. izd. Maribor: Pivec, 2014, str. 88-106.
- Ray H Hashemi; William G Bradley; Christopher J Lisanti, MRI : the basics, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,
2018, ISBN 978-1496384324.
- Catherine Westbrook, MRI at a Glance, Wiley-Blackwell, 2016, ISBN 978-1405192552.
- Alexander C. Mamourian, MR Physics, Oxford University Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0199706761.
- Marinus T. Vlaardingerbroek, Jacques A. Boer, Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Theory and Practice,
Springer Science & Business Media, 2003, str.499. ISBN 3-540-43681-2.
- Matt A. Bernstein, Kevin F. King, and Xiaohong Joe Zhou, Handbook of MRI Pulse Sequences, Elsevier
Academic Press, 2004, ISBN: 978-0-12-092861-3.
- Robert W. Brown,Y.-C. Norman Cheng,E. Mark Haacke, Michael R. Thompson, Ramesh Venkatesan,
Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Physical Principles and Sequence Design, Wiley-Liss, 1999, ISBN 0-471-
35128-8.""

Cilji in kompetence:

Objectives and competences:

Predvideni študijski rezultati:

Intendeded learning outcomes:

Metode poučevanja in učenja:

Learning and teaching methods:

Načini ocenjevanja:

Delež v % / Weight in %

Assesment:

Seminarska naloga

50 %

Seminar work

Ustni zagovor seminarske naloge

50 %

Oral defense of seminar work

Reference nosilca / Lecturer's references:

1.	SNOJ, Žiga, SERŠA, Igor, MATIČIČ, Urša, CVETKO, Erika, OMEJEC, Gregor. Nerve fascicle depiction at MR microscopy and high-frequency US with anatomic verification. Radiology. 2021, vol. 297, no. 3, str. 672-674.
2.	SERŠA, Igor. Electric current detection based on the MR signal magnitude decay. Magnetic resonance in medicine. 2022, vol. 88, no. 3, str. 1282-1291.
3.	SERŠA, Igor. Magnetic resonance microscopy of samples with translational symmetry with FOVs smaller than sample size. Scientific reports. 2021, vol. 11, 541-1-541-12.
4.	SERŠA, Igor. Sequential diffusion spectra as a tool for studying time-dependent translational molecular dynamics : a cement hydration study. Molecules, 2020, vol. 25, no. 1, str. 68-1-68-15.
5.	SERŠA, Igor, MIKAC, Urška. A study of MR signal reception from a model for a battery cell. Journal of magnetic resonance, 2018, vol. 294, str. 7-15.